Direct and Indirect Speech

Pinokio

            Once upon a time there are a poor old wood carver named Gepeto. One day he was making a puppet from a tree branch, and Gepeto said,“you shall be my little boy and call you  Pinokio”. He worked very hard carving each detail. After he finished the puppet he was very shock because the puppet just talk to him, “you can talk?”, Gepeto surprised. Pinokio answered, “Of course I can silly. Just give me a mouth to talk with”. Gepeto was very happy, and he asked to himself if he has a normal life just like a normal boy.
            The next day Pinokio just have a normal life like a normal boy including school. On the way to school Pinokio  stoped to see a puppet show.
He said, “I can dance better than that”, quickly he climbed on to the stage, at first the puppet master didn’t like Pinokio but when he saw that the crowd love him, he just let Pinokio stay, at the end of the show, the puppet master gave Pinokio five copper coins and tell him to go straight home.
            On the way home Pinokio met a lame fox and a blind cat, knowing that Pinokio had money they pretend to be his friend, they trick Pinokio to put his money under a tree. They said, “do you want your money become gold?” And Pinokio was persuaded. After a while the fox and the cat that weren’t really lame and blind quickly snuck away and disguised themselves as thieves, when Pinokio start digging the money, they pounced on him. Then they ordered, “Give us the money!”. Just then Pinokio guardian the blue fairy sent her dog rufus to chase the fox and the cat, and then she take Pinokio back to her castle.
            The blue fairy said to Pinokio, “Why didn’t you go to school today?”. Pinokio answered, “I did”, just then his nose started to shot out like a tree branch, Pinokio was surprised and very sad. The fairy said that every time you tell a lie his nose will grow but if he tell the truth it will shrink, and she said that Pinokio will be a real boy if he learn how to be brave, generous, and honest. Then she told him to go home and not stop for any reason.
            Not very long before Pinokio met some boys, the boys said that he knows a place to have fun, so Pinokio followed the boys. The boy take Pinokio to a circuses but they doesn’t know that if you are bad you will be turned into donkeys and trained for the circuses.
            Not very long before they turned into donkeys, but because Pinokio was made from a tree branches he doesn’t changed completely, so the circus master throw him into the sea.

            After Pinokio swam for a long time a whale ate him, he was very scared, then he heard a voice from inside the whale stomach echoing it turn out that  the voice was from Gepeto. Gepeto was looking for Pinokio. Then Pinokio helped Gepeto to make a raft, when the raft was finished Pinokio tell a lie so that his nose will grow to tickle the whale, when the whale sneezes it blow them out of his stomach.
            Home at last Pinokio was very happy, and he remembered what the blue fairy had told him, the next  morning Pinokio came running down the steeps, jumping and wafing his arms. He ran to Gepeto and shouted, “look father, I’m a real boy!”

These are direct speech of the article above:

-          Direct speech in statement

1.      And Gepeto said, “you shall be my little boy and call you Pinokio”.

2.      Pinokio answered, “of course I can silly. Just give me a mouth to talk with”.

-          Direct speech in question

1.      The blue fairy said to Pinokio, “why didn’t you go to school today?”

2.      They said, “do you want your money become gold?”

-          Direct speech in imperative

1.      Then they ordered, “give us the money!”

2.      He ran to Gepeto and shouted, “look father, I’m a real boy!”

And these are indirect speech form of direct speech above:

-          Indirect speech in statement

1.      Gepeto said that he should be his litle boy and call him Pinokio.

2.      Pinokio answered that of course he could silly. Just gave him a mouth to talk with.

Explanation:

            The sentences above are changed from direct speech in statement above. Since both of direct speech are formed by present tense, both of indirect speech are changed into past tense. “Gepeto” and “Pinokio” as subject, and “said” and “answered” as verb.

-          Indirect speech in question

1.      The blue fairy asked why he has not gone to school.

2.      They wanted to know whether he wanted his money became gold.

Explanation:   

            The sentences above are changed from direct speech in question above. Since the first direct speech is formed by past tense, the indirect speech is changed into present perfect tense. And the second direct speech is formed by present tense, the indirect speech changed into past tense. “The blue fairy” and “They” as subject, and “asked” and “wanted” as verb.

-          Indirect speech in imperative

1.      Then they told that gave them the money.

2.      He ran to Gepeto and told that he was a real boy.

Explanation:

            The sentences above are changed from direct speech in imperative above. Since both of direct speech are formed by present tense, both of indirect speech are changed into past tense. “They” and “He” as subject, and both of “told” as verb.

Tugas Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbantuan Komputer #Softskill

ARTICLE 1

Foods that cause acne

Artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com - Foods That Cause Acne. Acne is one of the most hated enemy by everyone, especially women. Acne is not including a dangerous disease. But its presence is very annoying, though acne is not harmful but should we treat and handle well.

            Acne is caused by clogged pores due to overactive oil glands. Although many medical experts who denied any connection between acne with the food we eat, there's no harm in avoiding some foods that supposedly can trigger acne.

Here are some foods can cause acne:

1. Sugar and Chocolate

            Chocolate may be one of the most food trigger acne. Archives of Dermatology published a study which explains that the food has a high Glycemic Index scale, usually in processed carbohydrates such as sugar can cause the appearance of acne due to increased hormone levels.

2. Milk

            Some studies show a high milk intake may be associated with the appearance of acne. A Harvard study found that teens who drink milk more than two servings a day are more likely to suffer from severe acne. That is because the increase in growth hormone which causes the sebaceous glands in the skin become clogged.

3. Iodine

            Iodine may be one factor in the appearance of acne, such as skin oil glands which can irritate skin that is prone to acne. Iodine can be found in fish and shellfish because sea water contains iodine. In addition other sources comes from iodized salt which is a component of several types of canned food.

4.Caffeine and Alcohol

            Caffeine is considered to trigger the appearance of acne because it can affect hormone levels produced by the body. Some sources of caffeine are coffee, tea, soft drinks, and chocolate. In addition, alcohol also causes an increase in hormones, particularly testosterone can cause acne more often.

5. Food Allergy Triggers

            Skin problems often arise due to food allergies, especially milk and eggs. Acne appears due to the immune system tries to fight the poison that is felt. An allergist has diagnosed and confirmed the relationship of food allergy with severe acne.

6. Fruit and Vegetable Characteristically Acid

            Some fruits and vegetables that are acidic can cause the appearance of acne, such as carrots, cucumbers, oranges, and lettuce. The acidity of the body can cause the appearance of acne, because it should be avoided.

Those are some foods that can trigger the onset of Acne.

ARTICLE 2

Diet and Effort to Have Offspring

Artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com - What you eat can affect the sex cells, better known as 'sperm' for men and 'egg' for women. Fertility in touch with what food is in the eating, so do a balanced diet can increase the chances to conceive and produce healthy offspring in the future. You do not have the power to change something that is derivative, but of course you can control what goes into the stomach.
            Actual differences in the male reproductive cycle and women is that men produce new sperm every day while women are born with a finite number of eggs and are not renewable in their ovaries. Because the quality of the eggs continued to decrease with age, so women who are aged above 35 years is more difficult to conceive. On the other hand, men face different problems. Their fertility levels are heavily influenced by the quality, quantity and spontaneous movement of their sperm. Usefulness of their reproductive organs, like testis, and epididymis skotrum (located in the vessel), also have an influence.
            Lack of food can damage the reproductive system. Zinc, folic acid and calcium, which is a mineral that can be found in food, should always be part of the daily diet to maintain fertility or fertility rates. Consumption is also A, C, E and selenium, which in sufficient quantities to function as antioxidants, to fight free radicals from cigarette, alcohol, drugs and others.
            If you want to have offspring, then you need to pay attention to what you eat. If you have not noticed your diet, get started, before it's too late. 

ARTICLE 3

Spurs - City Negotiate Adebayor Transfer

            Artikel-bahasainggris.blogspot.com - Tottenham Hotspur takes concrete steps to bring Emmanuel Adebayor. Spurs are now going through the process of talks with Manchester City to recruit the Togo striker.
            The arrival of Sergio Aguero attackers increasingly adding excess stock in the camp of The Citizens. Meanwhile, Adebayor is no longer desired by Roberto Mancini.
            Adebayor was on loan to Real Madrid in his second season with City. Former Arsenal player 27-year-old is hoping the Spanish giants want to sign him permanently but that has not materialized.
            Recently emerging issues that call that Harry Redknapp keen to use the services of Adebayor. However, only a loan player. Nego with the City has run several times, only the salary demands Adebayor is $ 170 thousand pounds per weekend which will be a major constraint.

ARTICLE 4

An Article about Environment

            Health officials who made checks at cemeteries discovered that the cemeteries had become one of the main causes for the spread of dengue fever in urban. They were shocked to find a lot of eades mosquitoes breeding in cemeteries. The eades mosquito spreads Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, DHV, to man.

            The officials were found a lot of pots, bottles, and vases holding flowers at the graves left there by people visiting the graves of their relatives. These containers had eventually rain and they soon became breeding grounds for these mosquitoes. Those living near cemeteries also become victims of dengue fever. Sadly it was the death f a caretaker of a cemetery that promoted the officials to investigate the surroundings near his house. This had led to the discovery of cemeteries as a breeding ground for eades mosquitoes.

            Since the discovery, the Health Department has appealed to the caretakers and the different associations in charge of graveyards to clear all containers left at graves as quickly as possible. The number of dengue cases notified as highest among the Chinese, followed by Malays, Indians, and others. All these cases had been mainly from the city areas. The Health Department is continually strengthening dengue prevention and control by holding talk shows, fogging housing estates and conducting checks at homes.

In this below, there are 5 active voice and its analysis:

1.      Acne is not including a dangerous disease.

            The active voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb_+ing + Complement. “Acne” is categorized as a subject, “is” as to be, “including” as verb_+ing, and “a dangerous disease” as a complement. The sentence using to be “is” because the subject “Acne” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and Verb_+ing. Thus, it shows an active present continous/progressive voice.

2.      An allergist has diagnosed and confirmed the relationship of food allergy with severe acne.

            The active voice above is formed by Subject + has/have + Verb₃ + Complement. “An allergist” is a Noun Phrase that categorized as a subject, “diagnosed and confirmed” are verba parallel that categorized as verb₃, and “the relationship of food allergy with severe acne” as a complement. The sentence using “has” because the subject “An allergist” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of has/have and verb₃. Thus, it shows an active present perfect voice.

3.      Tottenham Hotspur takes concrete steps to bring Emmanuel Adebayor.

            The active voice above is formed by Subject + Verb₁ + Complement. “Tottenham Hotspur” is categorized as a subject, “takes” as a verb₁, and “concrete steps to bring Emmanuel Adebayor” as a complement. The sentence using “takes” (verb_+s) because “Tottenham Hotspur” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of verb₁. Thus, it shows an active simple present voice.

4.      Spurs are now going through the process of talks with Manchester City to recruit the Togo striker.

            The active voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb_+ing + Complement. “Spurs” is categorized as a subject, “are” as a to be, “going” as a verb_+ing, and “the process of talks with Manchester City to recruit the Togo striker” is a complement. The sentence using to be “are” because “Spurs” is a prural noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb_+ing. Thus, it shows an active present continous/progressive voice.

5.      Former Arsenal player 27-year-old is hoping the Spanish giants want to sign him permanently but that has not materialized. 

            The active voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb_+ing + Complement. “Former Arsenal player 27-year-old” is Noun Phrase that categorized as a subject, “is” as a to be, “hoping” is a verb_+ing, and “the Spanish giants want to sign him permanently but that has not materialized” as a complement. The sentence using to be “is” because “Former Arsenal player 27-year-old” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb_+ing. Thus, it shows an active present continous/progressive voice.

And this below are 5 passive voice and its analysis:

1.      Acne is caused by clogged pores due to overactive oil glands.

            The passive voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb₃ + Complement. “Acne” is categorized as a subject, “is” as to be, “caused” as a verb₃, and “by clogged pores due to overactive oil glands” as a complement. The using to be “is” because “Acne” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb₃. Thus, it shows a passive present voice.

2.      Caffeine is considered to trigger the appearance of acne because it can affect hormone levels produced by the body.

            The passive voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb₃ + Complement. “Caffeine” is categorized as a subject, “is” as a to be, “considered” as verb₃, and “to trigger the appearance of acne because it can affect hormone levels produced by the body” as a complement. The sentence using to be “is” because “Caffeine” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb₃. Thus, it shows a passive present voice.

3.      Their fertility levels are heavily influenced by the quality, quantity, and spontaneous movement of their sperm.

            The passive voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb₃ + Complement. “Their fertility levels” is a Noun Phrase that categorized as a subject, “ are” as a to be, “heavily influenced by the quality, quantity, and spontaneous movement of their sperm” as a complement. The sentence using to be “are” because “Their fertility levels” is a plural noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb₃. Thus, it shows a passive present voice.

4.      Meanwhile, Adebayor is no longer desired by Roberto Mancini.

            The passive voice above is formed by Subject + to be + Verb₃ + Comlpement. “Adebayor” is categorized as a subject, “is” as a to be, “desired” as a verb₃, and “by Roberto Mancini” as a complement. The sentence using to be “is” because “Adebayor” is a singular noun. As can be seen, the sentence above consist of to be and verb₃. Thus, it shows a passive present voice.

5.      The officials were found a lot of pots, bottles, and vases holding flowers at the graves left there by people visiting the graves of their relatives.

            The passive voice above is formed by Subject + was/were + Verb₃ + Complement. “The officials” is categorized as a subject, “found” as a verb₃, and “a lot of pots, bottles, and vases holding flowers at the graves left there by people visiting the graves of their relatives” as a complement. The sentence using “were” because “The officials” is a plural noun. As ca be seen, the sentence above consist of was/were and verb₃. Thus, it shows a passive past voice.